AWT-Abstract Window Toolkit

Graphical Classes

• To perform graphical operations awt provides us different classes such as
• Graphics
• Font
• Color
• Image
• ..etc

Menus

• AWT provides us different classes to design menus.
• A Menu can be attached with window by calling method setMenuBar(MenuBar mb) of class Frame.

Menu Hierarchy

Class MenuBar

• An Object of this type represents a MenuBar.
• This menubar can be attached with Frame window.

• MenuBar()
• Creates a new menu bar.

• Menu add(Menu m)
• Adds the specified menu to the menu bar.
• int getMenuCount()
• Gets the number of menus on the menu bar.
• void remove(int index)
• Removes the menu located at the specified index from this menu bar.

Class Menu

• The Menu class represents pull-down menu component which is attached from a menu bar.

• Menu()
• Constructs a new menu with an empty label.
• Menu(String label)
• Constructs a new menu with the specified label.
• Menu(String label, boolean tearOff)
• Constructs a new menu with the specified label, indicating whether the menu can be torn off.

• MenuItem add(MenuItem mi)
• Adds the specified menu item to this menu.
• void addSeparator()
• Adds a separator line, or a hypen, to the menu at the current position.
• int getItemCount()
• Get the number of items in this menu.
• void insert(MenuItem menuitem, int index)
• Inserts a menu item into this menu at the specified position.
• void insertSeparator(int index)
• Inserts a separator at the specified position.
• void remove(int index)
• Removes the menu item at the specified index from this menu.

Class MenuItem

• An Object of this type represents a MenuItem of Menu.

• MenuItem()
• Constructs a new MenuItem with an empty label.
• MenuItem(String label)
• Constructs a new MenuItem with the specified label.

• void addActionListener(ActionListener l)
• Adds the specified action listener to receive action events from this menu item.
• void setEnabled(boolean b)
• Sets whether or not this menu item can be chosen.

 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.*;
 class MyFrame extends Frame 
 implements ActionListener
 {
    public MyFrame()
    {
        MenuBar mbar=new MenuBar();
        this.setMenuBar(mbar);
        Menu ma,mb,mc,md;
        ma=new Menu("File");
        mbar.add(ma);
        mb=new Menu("Edit");
        mbar.add(mb);
        mc=new Menu("Text");
        mbar.add(mc);
        md=new Menu("Color");
        MenuItem mi;
        mi=new MenuItem("New");
        ma.add(mi);
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Open");
        ma.add(mi);
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Save");
        ma.add(mi);
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        ma.addSeparator();
        mi=new MenuItem("Exit");
        ma.add(mi); 
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Copy");
        mb.add(mi);
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Cut");
        mb.add(mi);
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Paste");
        mb.add(mi);
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Font");
        mc.add(mi); 
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mc.add(md);
        mi=new MenuItem("Black");
        md.add(mi); 
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Blue");
        md.add(mi); 
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        mi=new MenuItem("Red");
        md.add(mi); 
        mi.addActionListener(this);
    }
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
    {
        String cmd=e.getActionCommand();
        if(cmd.equals("Exit"))
            System.exit(0);
    }
 }
 class demo
 {
    public static void main(String argvs[])   
    {    
        MyFrame frm=new MyFrame();
        frm.setSize(500,300);
        frm.setVisible(true);
    }    
 }